Energy transfer between Ce3+ and Sm3+ in Zn2GeO4 phosphor with the native defect

A series of Ce3+, Sm3+-doped Zn2GeO4 phosphors are prepared by the solid-state reaction. A blue photoluminescence (PL) of Zn2GeO4 is observed as the recombination of the electrons trapped on VO? and Zni? with holes trapped on VGe and VZn′. The energy transfer process between Ce3+ and Sm3+ is confirm